Which psychological approach emphasizes the influence of unconscious processes?

The correct response reflects the core tenets of psychoanalytic theory, which was developed by Sigmund Freud. This approach posits that unconscious processes significantly influence behavior, thoughts, and emotions. According to psychoanalytic theory, much of human behavior is driven by unconscious motives and conflicts, often stemming from early childhood experiences. This perspective emphasizes the importance of uncovering these unconscious elements through techniques such as free association, dream analysis, and exploring transference in therapy.

Unlike behaviorism, which focuses on observable behavior as a response to stimuli in the environment, or cognitive psychology, which centers on mental processes like perception and memory, psychoanalytic theory delves into the hidden aspects of the psyche. Additionally, humanistic psychology emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, concentrating on conscious feelings and experiences rather than underlying unconscious processes. Thus, psychoanalytic theory remains a distinct approach that places significant importance on the influence of unconscious factors in shaping behavior and personality.