What is a key characteristic of adolescent ego development according to Erikson?

The key characteristic of adolescent ego development according to Erikson is the establishment of identity versus role confusion. During adolescence, individuals grapple with questions of who they are and what they want to become, leading to a crucial developmental task: forming a coherent sense of self and establishing a personal identity.

This process involves exploring various roles, beliefs, and values, allowing adolescents to define their identity based on their experiences and societal influences. If they successfully navigate this stage, they achieve a strong sense of self; however, failing to do so may lead to confusion about their purpose and place in society.

The other options, while important in adolescent development, do not capture the central focus of Erikson's theory for this developmental stage. The formation of healthy relationships with peers is significant, but it is part of the broader identity formation process. Developing problem-solving skills is also important but extends beyond the identity crisis that characterizes this stage. Finally, while emotional independence from parents is relevant to adolescent development, the core crisis Erikson emphasizes is specifically about identity formation, making it the most critical characteristic of this developmental phase.